Work Related Stress Among Working Women -a Cause Effect...

A STUDY OF WORKPLACE STRESS AMONG WORKING WOMEN- THE CAUSE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS MRS LINA SADEKAR, MRS SHAMI PAI, ASSISTANT PROFESSORS, VVM’S SHREE DAMODAR COLLEGE OF COMMERCE AND ECONOMICS, MARGAO GOA. INTRODUCTION: The American Institute of Stress estimates that work- related stress costs American businesses about $300 billion every year in lower productivity, higher absenteeism, low turnover rate, alcoholism, and medical costs. Today, chronic work-related stress is not just an American affliction. In India, over half of the call centre employees feel so stressed out by the tough working conditions that they end up quitting. Stress is an adaptive response to a situation that is perceived as challenging or threatening to a person’s well†¦show more content†¦YES | NO | 27 | 23 | Q NO 2 Factors causing stress IMPOSSIBLE STANDARDS | 04 | WORKING IN CHANGED CIRCUMSTACES | 05 | JOB INSECURITY | 01 | WORKING WITH DISAGREEABLE PERSON | 09 | TOO MUCH RESPONSIBILITY | 14 | TOO HEAVY WORKLOAD | 14 | ANY OTHER | 03 | Q NO 3 How are you affected by stress? PHYSICALLY | MENTALLY | 17 | 25 | Q NO 4 How do you recognize that you are stressed out? OVER REACT GET FRUSTRATED | 06 | ARGUE | 04 | FEEL MISEARABLE AND DULL | 14 | HAVE LESS ENERGY THAN USUAL | 14 | LOOSE YOUR CONTROL | 03 | SWEAT, HEADACHE, FEVERISH, ETC. | 02 | NEED A HEALTH DRINK | 03 | Q NO 5 Do you refer to doctor for stress/ Medication? YES | NO | 07 | 37 | Q NO 6 Is your performance affected after stress at home/ workplace? YES | NO | 24 | 19 | Q NO 7 What strategy do you adopt to comfort yourself when you are stressed out? RUN AWAY | 01 | THINK A LOT | 13 | CHOOSE A MIDDLE PATH FOR A DECISION | 07 | ENGAGE IN DELAYING OF WORK | 04 | SEEK EXCITEMENT BY DOING RECKLESS THINGS | 16 | GET ANGRY, CRY AND GIVE UP | 04 | WITHDRAW FROM WORK OF INTEREST | 06 | Q NO 8 EFFECT OF STRESS Options | Yes | No | OVER REACTIVE | 11 | 32 | DECISION MAKINGShow MoreRelatedSocial Workers And Mental Health Providers1477 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Social workers and mental health providers work in a field where trauma is prevalent. This means that people who work in these types of fields are more likely to experience what is called â€Å"secondary traumatization†, â€Å"vicarious traumatization† or â€Å"compassion fatigue†. These terms all essentially describe the negative impact of bonding with a trauma survivor and exposure to the survivor’s traumatic encounters (McCann Pearlman 1990). These terms are different than and should not beRead MoreThe Effects Of Burnout Among Medical Students1248 Words   |  5 PagesConsequently, it is likely that they employ coping strategies to reduce the effects of stress. On the other hand, when these strategies are unsuccessful stress ruins and may lead the students to experience burnout.24 In the current study burnout was found in 79.9% and the burn out subscales among studied students, were 56.8 % and 60% personal b urnout and work related burnout respectively. whereas 38.2% and 28.9% suffered teacher and colleague burnout correspondinglyRead MoreThe Social Determinants Of Health1623 Words   |  7 PagesStress has been identified as one of the social determinants of health. It has different meanings in various contexts, so a proper definition will give a good insight of the term.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Stress can be defined as a state of emotional or mental disturbance resulting from adverse or demanding conditions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Stress can also be defined as a physical, chemical, or emotional factor that causes bodily or mental disturbance and could be a causal in disease formation. StressesRead MoreThe Effects Of Burnout Among Medical Students1330 Words   |  6 PagesConsequently, it is likely that they employ coping strategies to reduce the effects of stress. On the other hand, when these strategies are unsuccessful stress ruins and may lead the students to experience burnout.24 In the current study burnout was found in 79.9% and the burnout subscales among the studied students, were 56.8 % and 60% personal burnout and work-related burnout respectively. whereas 38.2% and 28.9% suffered teacher and colleague burnout correspondinglyRead MoreWork-Life Balance: The Relationship Between Stress and Health1212 Words   |  5 Pages Work-Life Balance: The Relationship Between Stress and Health March 10th 2012 The relationship between employment related stress and workplace uncertainty directly impacts health today. Studies have identified employment strains caused by uncertainty of work that may be measured by scheduling and earning uncertainty (Tompa et al, 2009). The effort required in commuting to the workplace and effort required to handle multiple jobs are also strains that will be addressed in relation toRead MoreLifestyle in Balance1448 Words   |  6 PagesWork Life Balance Brief Introduction: As life is getting developed the living style is getting high in several regions around the world which shape a more expensive life that leads male and female for more working hours or to have more than one job to get affluent life. The prior factor additionally the following factors, the workforce is getting older and technology has changed the way we work rapidly, Set off alarm bells of a significant problem which is the conflict between paid work, unpaidRead MoreAdult Bullying And The Workplace1555 Words   |  7 Pages146 million Americans are employed in the United States, and an estimated 54 million of those are bullied at work (Namie, 2007). These statistics are staggering. Bullying is defined as a combination of verbal abuse and behaviors that are humiliating, threatening, or intimidating and create harm (health, social, or economic) to individuals and may interfere with their productivity at work (Namie, 2007). With a prevalence of bullying taking place in the workplace, it appears that organizations needRead MoreAmerican Caffeine Consumption Essay2026 Words   |  9 Pageswhich effects cortisone and adrenaline production both of which the body produces as a reaction to stress. Caffeine is a psychoactive drug and is the most frequently consumed stimulant worldwide. Stimulants are chemicals that heighten the bodies’ nervous and physiological activities such as blood pressure, awareness, heart rate, energy, and concentration. Caffeine can be very addictive as it acts on the sympathetic component of the body, in doing so the consumption of the stimulant effects womenRead MoreDual Career Coupling: An Emerging Paradigm In Banking Sector.1413 Words   |  6 Pageswife are working which brings certain issues and challenges. As in banking sector work is not seasonal. Banks are opened in whole year and employees in banks do not avail many holidays as compare to other institutions. In banking sector women still get leave like maternity leave but males’ do not get enough leave so that he can spend time with his family which create frustration and can create a gap between him and his spouse or children. This create problem for the people or employees working in banksRead MoreJob Stress and Its Impact on Employee Performance18500 Words   |  74 PagesCHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1. Introduction to the topic People at work worry about all sorts of things; increasing competition for jobs, globalization, terrorism, looking after aging parent and relatives, annual appraisal, new technology, outsourcing of jobs along with increased demand of employer for higher productivity. These and some other factors make the employees experience certain pressures at times. Like they have to meet certain deadlines, cope with some unusual but critical situations on their

IT project for Banking and Finance Free Essays

This paper seeks to chronicle the history of information technology in finance from its infancy to the modern era with special attention place on the Caribbean experience. The paper therefore presents a summary of major (IT-based) innovations and an analytical framework with which to Structure an historical review Of how Information Technology innovations were adopted in the financial services sector and their impact. The early history of Information technology globally First wave From as early as 1846 the financial sector has been using Information Technology (IT), the history traces back to financial markets when the eelgrass was used to reduced stock price differentials between New York and regional stock markets. We will write a custom essay sample on IT project for Banking and Finance or any similar topic only for you Order Now Information technology was later employed in 1866 with the transatlantic cable equally enabled greater integration of securities trading in New York and London (B;tic-Lazy, Wood 2002). Further integration took place as the completion Of the transatlantic cable reduced the time delay to execute a trade in New York, which had been initiated in London from six weeks to only one day. These early innovations were accompanied by statistically significant evidence that the introduction of primitive forms of telecommunication substantially educing or even eliminated foreign exchange and security price differentials between geographically distinct markets, (B;tic-Lazy, Wood 2002). Hence at that time information technology’ reduced interest rate risk and operational risk for the institutions. In addition greater use of telegraph or telephone facilities also resulted in price related information becoming homogeneous by linking the head office with branches in different domestic and international locations or by providing dealers and banks with the same price information in a timely manner. Second wave A second wave of Information Technology innovation in retail finance began n the late asses with the introduction of computers. This introduction allowed institutions to keep up with growth in business volume while, at the same time, solve very specific problems and automate existing practices of specific departments. This resulted in the branch network quickly turning into the main point of contact with retail customers. A process-directed automation thrust dominated the specific application period and aimed at undercutting the cost of administrative tasks such as the labor-intensive cheese clearing systems. Computer applications were therefore concentrated n back-office operations (Morris, 1986), this was because it was felt that controlling a growing mountain of paperwork provided the potential for economies of scale at that time. As the benefits previously mention became apparent the incentive to automate at the individual branch bank level and to improve market-wide processes became greater. Technology further helped developed banks and took on the challenge of reducing cost and expanding their level of customer service and efficiency. In 1967 Barclay Bank (ELK) introduced the first Automated Teller Machine (ATM) in the world (Barclay, 1982) while IBM introduced the magnetic stripe plastic cards in 1969. These two innovations marked the birth of electronic banking. The chart of Figure IA on the following page shows this information. Use of Technology in the Organization, 1845-1995 (Figure IA) Impact on the Provision of Retail Finance Early Adoption Specific Application Emergence (1846-1945) (1945-1968) (1968-1980) Innovation in Reduction in Conversion from Growth of cross Service Offering inter-market price bank relationships. ATM introduced. Guaranty Automated bank statements. Operational border payment. Increased branch to Differentials. Cheese Automation of branch Functional cards. Reduce cost of coordination labor intensive head clearing system). Branches accounting. Innovation office and between n activities (I. E. Real time control begins. (Sources: Morris (1986) and Squint;s (1991)) In a nutshell, technological changes have spread throughout many internal aspects of the banking organization. During this period the convergence of telecommunications and computer power resulted in true Information Technology applications as the emphasis of technological innovations shifted from data processing to communications. The Evolution stage Electronic banking is an umbrella term for the process by which a customer may perform banking transactions electronically without visiting a brick-and- mortar institution. This form of banking became popular in the early ass it was facilitated by banks mailing their customers a floppy disk with software that the customer could install onto their PC and accessing their accounts from the privacy of their homes. ( Canasta Research on 07/02/2013). Initially this service was for a fee. Then in the mid ass a big leap occurred with banks setting up websites for consumers to access both product and contact information. Within a few years after internet banking functionality was launched, this made the process of doing your banking online easy and accessible to everyone. This form Of banking has emerged as an option to customers and was offered by Caribbean banks as well. The major benefit according to one survey is an estimated cost providing that the routine business of a full service branch in the USA is $1. 7 per transaction, as compared to 54 cents for telephone banking, 27 cents for ATM (Automatic Teller Machine) banking and 1. 5 cents for Internet banking (Nathan 1999; Pun et al. , 2002). However it is unclear whether cost savings ill be the primary benefit derived from the adoption of e-banking systems, as any cost reductions achieved may not be a source of sustained competitive advantage for individual commercial banks. Cost savings using e-banking techniques are generally easily replicated by competitors. Secondly, cost savings are also accompanied by reduced entry barriers or increased market transparency leading to a further intensification of competition, ( Belgrade, Paris and ward, 2005 Key technological changes in retail finance Year Name Characteristics Contribution 1979-1985 Telephone Branches retail Multi-channel distribution system Banking UK, US intermediaries for banks base on an integrated customer account and information system ( Figure B) 1988-1996 Monde Cards (I-j) Debit card with re-writable Facilitate small value retail transactions micro chip with the potential to substitute central bank issued notes and coins 1989-1998 Digit cash (ML) Electronic only medium of Payment system and products that depend exchange and unit of account exclusively on only high-speed communication done through computers 1995-2001 Security First First intermediary working Technologies open new opportunities for Network Bank (US) through the internet. Ink growth and offer managers of banks possibilities to achieve high organizational flexibility Source (B;tic-Lazy, Wood 2002) The Barbados Experience Improvements In Barbados all banking institutions and major credit unions offer the most basic forms of e-banking. There is a well connected network of automatic teller machines (Atoms), telephone banking, debit cards, and electronic funds transfers (OFT). The majority of the ATM use in Barbados came about as a cost savings measure. Consequently, ATM banking has become the most popular form of electronic banking in Barbados, with even some non-bank entities costing similar services. However, the graduation to the next level of e- banking, Internet banking has been sluggish. According to ( Belgrade, Paris and Ward, 2005 ) the lack of advancement is for a number of reasons, one most obvious is a divide between customers who wish to use the technology and those who simply prefer traditional banking methods. However the increase in efficient by Automated Teller Machines can been seen in the graph below figure B Observation of Traditional and ATM banking: A Busy Day (No. F Customers per 30 Minute Intervals) Bank I 8 36 ATM I 10 90 15 Source: pa iris (2001 ) Traditional (Teller) A 5 c Within the back office operations of the institutions they have been major improvements across the banking sector, with the use (ARTS) Real Time Gross Settlement and, (ACH) Automatic Clearing House with increase capacity to process transactions. With regards to information systems Finance Core banking system is one of the information systems use as a customer management information syste m. The use of this system has allowed institutions to capture customer information which can then be used for the modeling of products to specific target markets base on the habits of the institutions clientele and overall profile. In accordance with the know-your- customer guild lines some Transactions Processing Systems such as Finance are even able to go a step further and record personal life events such as weddings, anniversaries and future plans of younger children and other personal information. Which all assist in the construction of products and services that will meet customer’s needs at every stage of their life. Hence the (T AS) is used as a strategic management information system in some institutions. In addition to cost savings and increase capacity (IT) has brought about payment innovations such as Sure-pay in Barbados. Sure-pay is a payment undying service that allows customers to pay an array of their bills in one location. The company Sure-Pay began its service just offering basic utility payments, and eventually evolve into a well recognize efficient entity which at one time even offered a payment service for tickets for former airline Red Jet and has now expanded to Trinidad Tobago. Risk The issue of capital flight and money laundering are real concerns that will surface with Internet-Banking, also the ability and cost of regulating this form of banking. This is especially so in an small open economy with a fixed exchange rate such as Barbados. For example if capital is allowed to leave at an rapid unregulated rate this could place pressure on the central bank’s reserves which can have a negative effect on the exchange rate and cause the parity of the dollar to be threatened, especially in cases where settlement of the transaction will be require in foreign currency. With respect to money laundering if we look at Internet-Banking it is unique because it offers the user anonymity, rapid transactions speed and wide geographic availability. For those reasons the issue of depositing and withdrawing money in and out of the system is extremely important because t is easy for layering to occur. Encryption technology, fire walls and the use of digital signatures are extremely vital verification tools and should be standard operating procedure with this evolving technology. An added defense in breaches or affiliated criminal activities is that banks should adhere to the commonly cited know-your-customer guidelines. If properly implemented, within an effective operational and regulatory framework, such guidelines should prove pivotal in preventing these kinds of crimes. Future expectations The future of Information Technology and the financial service industry will only be limited by the imagination of those who use the technology, or the regulators who need to keep abreast of how new technologies will permit circumvention of the law. How to cite IT project for Banking and Finance, Papers

Information Technology Organizational Background

Question: Produce a report which evaluates the methods used to identify and meet learning needs with reference to organisational factors, including complying with policies on equal opportunities and factors to do with the target audience. Answer: Introduction With the expansion of organizations and increase in competition, Human Resource Management has evolved as a critical business functions. One of the objective of HR managers is to ensure that a culture of organizational learning and development could be established. In order to develop a culture of learning and development, it is important that organization and HR managers should take the inputs from employees and other stakeholders. In an organizational setting, different employees could have different learning needs and it is important that a learning environment should be created that could address to the needs of different stakeholders. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the methods used to identify and meet learning needs with reference to organizational factors, including complying with policies on equal opportunities and factors to do with the target audience. As a part of this report two learning interventions would be discussed that could optimize the organization per formance. A brief organizational background can be discussed as: Organizational background The organization for this report is a small IT (Information Technology) company based out in Sydney. The company has an employee strength of 90 people. The company was established by Sam in 2012 and known as Weblogica. The company provides IT services it various clients in Australia. The services include website development, maintenance, mobile application development, etc. In recent times, there has been an increase in the demand with e commerce and mobile commerce. With an increase in demand, the demand for software engineers have also increased and company is struggling to keep the talent on board. The attrition rate has been high for the company and it has also struggled to get the talent from outside due to high cost. Sam realizes that he must develop strategies and policies so that employees remain committed and motivated to work for Weblogica. Meeting Organizational development needs Sam realizes that employees are leaving the company due to two main reasons. One of the reasons is the external opportunities and the second reasons is the lack of development in the organization. There are very few training and development programs for engineers and work culture is not very good. Engineers are expected to work 50 hours per week, as work pressure is high. Sam believes that he has little control over external environment. However, he can manage the internal factors. The two examples of learning needs that needs to be address by Sam can be discussed as: Training and Development programs for employees so that employee can learn grow and develop in same organization Focus on a flexible organizational culture so that employees can attain a work life balance The target audience for both of these organizational learning are engineers in the organization that would work day and night to keep the projects on track. These learning needs have aroused because Weblogica has been able to increase the business but it has not been able to increase its employee strength. Moreover, attrition rate has been high and it means that limited number of employees has to do a large amount of work. It is important for Sam to address these learning needs immediately. Weblogica is a small company as they are fortunate enough that market is growing. In order to have organization grow along with industry, Weblogica must focus on employee growth and employee development. It is important that Sam should realize that its employees are its biggest assets as company would not be able to fulfil any business unless it has got talented and committed employees. The organizational performance could be sustainable only when it has loyal employees who are willing to remain attached with the firm. It can happen only when organization also cares about employees. It can be said that employees should get a feeling of self-belongingness while working for Weblogica. Any plan for organization and employee learning does bring additional investment and this plan would also have cost considerations. However, it is expected that Sam would be able to get good return on its investment as market is growing. In long term, the focus of organization should be to create a community of practice. It is a group of people who share a craft and/or a profession.With this community of practice, the existing employees would be able to learn from the experiences of other employees. Approach The following approach and intervention strategies would be used to meet organizational learning goals: Analyze: The first step would be to analyze other and large companies in same sector would be studied to do benchmarking. The benchmarking would help Weblogica to define the current state and target state. It would help to do the gap analysis. Design: A training and learning plan would be designed for employees. This training plan would be developed based on the gaps identified in the analyze phase. Develop: Employee feedback would be taken and training plan would be developed. There could be some modifications in the training and development plans based on the feedback from employees. Implement: Weblogica is a small company of 90 employees, there would be one instance of implementation. Out of 90 employees, 80 are engineers. These 80 employees would be divided into a group of 20 each. It would be a random group formation. Evaluate: Feedback from employees would help to evaluate. The evaluation would also help to design future intervention plan. Identification of Learning and Development Needs Methods Advantages/ Disadvantages Where most useful? Suitability for small team of 80 engineers Evaluation Skill Matrix Systematic way to understand training need. Different stakeholders can contribute at the same time Large organizations which have multiple teams and groups Yes, it is suitable. However, better alternatives are available for small group size of 80 employees It could be used Interview Effective way but time consuming Very small Team No, this option is not recommend for 80 people, as it would take lot of time. It should be avoided Group discussions Efficient way Small Organization Yes, it should be a preferred option It should be used Designing learning interventions Possible Learning Interventions Key Features and Methods Suitability for your target audience Evaluation Web based Coaching Efficient way to reach large group. A web based training program for 30 hours Group size is small (80). It is suitable but not the best of method This could be used Classroom based training Interactive and most useful method but time consuming. An instructor with 20 engineers. So, a total of 4 batches The group size is small. This is the most suitable method, as employees would get personal attention. This should be used E-learning Self-learning material to focus on self-learning and growth This is recommended for large group size This should be avoided Evaluation of learning interventions Evaluation model Description What is the model most useful for? Suitability Kirkpatrick Kirkpatrick's four levels are designed as a sequence of ways to evaluate training programs. Four levels: Reaction, Learning, Behavior and Results It is most widely used in mid-size and large organizations where team size is bigger and a formal way to evaluate and feedback is required It could be used CIRO The CIRO approach to evaluate training impact is and another 4 level approach which is originally developed by Warr,Bird and Racham. It is unique was to classify evaluation process. Four Levels: Context evaluation, Input evaluation, Reaction evaluation, Outcome evaluation It could be used in both large and small setting with both formal and informal organizational design. It should be best suited for a small team size of 80 engineers. It would help to monitor the progress and performance of employees It should be used Conclusion Based on the above discussion, the learning intervention that appears to be best in this case is Classroom teaching. Weblogica would arrange the training program for a small group of 80 employees. It is important that this training should be more interactive in nature and this would not be possible in an e-learning environment. Therefore, Weblogica should use the method where employees can interact with each other and discuss their issues and suggestions. Another method that could be used should be Web based coaching. This method is not as good as classroom teaching but this is definitely better than e learning. With the classroom method, the group of 80 engineers would be divided into 4 batches. Each group of 20 employees would have an instructor. As a part of training sessions, Sam would also take the session for these employees. Sam should also realize that training and development should not be a onetime activity for Weblogica but a continuous activity. References CIPD Research Report (2005) : High performance work practices: linking strategy and skills to performance outcomes. Downloadable from: www.cipd.co.uk/hr-resources/research/high-performance-work-practices.aspx Fairhurst, P. (2009). Learning and development: perspectives on the future . IES opinion www.employment-studies.co.uk/system/files/resources/files/op19.pdf CIPD Factsheet (2015) Learning and Development Strategy www.cipd.co.uk/hr-resources/factsheets/learning-talent-development-strategy.aspx Equality and Human Rights Commission (2009): Performance, training and development: www.equalityhumanrights.com/your-rights/equal-rights/disability/disability-in-employment/performance-training-and-development CIPD Learning and Development Survey (2014) downloadable from: www.cipd.co.uk/hr-resources/survey-reports/learning-development-2014.aspx Mindtools: Learning styles: understanding learning preferences www.mindtools.com/mnemlsty.html VARK- The Vark Questionnaire: how do I learn best? https://vark-learn.com/the-vark-questionnaire/ Businessballs: Free VAK learning styles test www.businessballs.com/vaklearningstylestest.htm CIPD Factsheet (2015) Identifying Learning and Development needs www.cipd.co.uk/hr-resources/factsheets/identifying-learning-talent-development-needs.aspx